Flashcards: Living World (NEET)-Living World Flashcards for NEET Preparation
Table of Contents
Living World Flashcards for NEET Preparation-
Table of Contents
| Section | Topic |
|---|---|
| 1 | Taxonomy and Classification |
| 2 | Characteristics of Living Organisms |
| 3 | Biodiversity and Evolution |
| 4 | Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) |
Taxonomy and Classification
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the basic unit of classification? | Species |
| Define biodiversity. | The variety of living organisms present in a particular area. |
| What is nomenclature? | The system of naming organisms scientifically. |
| Who is known as the Father of Taxonomy? | Carl Linnaeus |
| What is binomial nomenclature? | A two-term naming system for species, consisting of genus and species name. |
| What is the primary goal of classification? | To group organisms based on their similarities and differences. |
| Define taxonomy. | The science of classification of organisms. |
| What are the three domains of life? | Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. |
| Name the hierarchy of taxonomic categories. | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. |
| What is a taxon? | A taxonomic group of any rank, such as species, family, or class. |
| What is systematics? | The study of the diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships. |
| Define classification. | The process of arranging organisms into groups based on similarities and differences. |
| What is ICZN? | International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. |
| What is ICBN? | International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. |
| What does “species” mean? | A group of similar organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. |
| Define flora. | All plant species in a specific region or time. |
| Define fauna. | All animal species in a specific region or time. |
| What is a monograph? | A detailed written study on a single specialized subject or taxonomic group. |
| What is a herbarium? | A collection of preserved plant specimens. |
| Define keys in taxonomy. | Tools used for identifying unknown organisms. |
| What is a botanical garden? | A place where a variety of plants are grown for scientific study and education. |
| What is the role of zoological parks? | To conserve and display animals for research and education. |
| What is the purpose of museums in biology? | To preserve and exhibit specimens for study and education. |
| What is a species concept? | The theoretical framework that defines what constitutes a species. |
Characteristics of Living Organisms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define metabolism. | The sum of all biochemical reactions occurring in a living organism. |
| What are the two types of metabolism? | Anabolism and Catabolism. |
| What is anabolism? | The constructive process of building complex molecules from simpler ones. |
| What is catabolism? | The breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy. |
| What is homeostasis? | The maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism. |
| Define consciousness in living organisms. | The ability to sense and respond to environmental stimuli. |
| What is growth in living organisms? | An increase in size or number of cells. |
| How does reproduction occur in unicellular organisms? | Through binary fission or budding. |
| What is excretion? | The removal of metabolic waste products from the body. |
| Define respiration. | The process of breaking down glucose to release energy. |
| What is the smallest unit of life? | Cell |
Biodiversity and Evolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the scientist who coined the term “Biodiversity.” | Walter G. Rosen |
| What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs? | Autotrophs produce their food; heterotrophs depend on others for food. |
| What is the study of fungi called? | Mycology |
| What is the term for the study of algae? | Phycology |
| Define natural selection. | A process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce. |
| What is the genetic material in all living organisms? | DNA (or RNA in some viruses). |
| Name the five kingdoms proposed by Whittaker. | Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia. |
| Define habitat. | The natural environment where an organism lives. |
| What are prokaryotes? | Organisms without a defined nucleus. |
| What are eukaryotes? | Organisms with a defined nucleus. |
| Define phylogeny. | The evolutionary history and relationships among species. |
| What is a dichotomous key? | A tool that allows the identification of organisms using a series of choices. |
| What is the main function of ribosomes? | Protein synthesis. |
| What are autotrophic bacteria? | Bacteria that produce their food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. |
| What is chemosynthesis? | The process of synthesizing food using chemical energy instead of sunlight. |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why is Carl Linnaeus called the Father of Taxonomy? | Carl Linnaeus developed the system of binomial nomenclature, which is the foundation of modern taxonomy. |
| What is the importance of biodiversity? | Biodiversity maintains ecosystem balance, provides resources, and supports life on Earth. |
| How does classification help in biology? | It organizes the vast diversity of life, making it easier to study and understand relationships among organisms. |
| What is the difference between taxonomy and systematics? | Taxonomy focuses on naming and classifying organisms, while systematics studies evolutionary relationships among organisms. |
| Why is metabolism considered a defining feature of life? | Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions necessary for life, distinguishing living organisms from non-living things. |
| How is binomial nomenclature written? | The genus name is capitalized, and the species name is in lowercase, both italicized (e.g., Homo sapiens). |
| What is the significance of phylogeny? | Phylogeny helps understand evolutionary history and the relationships among different organisms. |
| Why are prokaryotes classified separately from eukaryotes? | Prokaryotes lack a defined nucleus and organelles, whereas eukaryotes have these structures. |
| What is a dichotomous key, and where is it used? | A dichotomous key is a tool for identifying organisms based on characteristics. It is widely used in taxonomy. |
| What is the role of botanical gardens and zoological parks? | They conserve species, educate the public, and support research in biology. |
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